Behavior of Growth and Yield Bread Wheat by the Influence of Fulvic Acid and Seeing Rate

Abstract

Hanaa Khudhaier Mohammed Ali Al-Haidary and Safaa A. Al-Zubaidy.

A field experiment was carried out during winter season of 2019-2020 at College of Agricultural, University of Al-Qasim Green, Hila, Babil, Iraq to study the behavior of growth and yield bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Al-Rasheed) by the influence of fulvic acid and seeding rate. Randomized complete block design RCBD arranged according to split plots used at three replicates. The experiment included three seeding rate (80, 120 and 160) Kg ha-1 within main plots and spraying two fulvic acid concentration (3 and 6) ml L-1 in addition to control treatment (distilled water spraying) within sub plots. The results showed that the 160 Kg ha-1 seeding rate was significantly superior and gave the highest means of flag leaf area (56.9 cm2), number of grain (44.34 grain spike-1), spike weight (3.84 g spike-1), grain yield (4.273 ton ha-1) and biological yield (17.84 ton ha-1) without significant difference on the 120 Kg ha-1 in these character except spike weight. Also, the spraying of fulvic acid at 6 mg L-1 was significantly superior and had the highest means of plant height (80.89 cm), number of grain (44.09 grain spike-1), spike weight (3.50 g spike-1), 1000 grain weight (33.60 g), grain yield (4.162 ton ha-1) and biological yield (17.14 ton ha-1) without significant difference on the spraying of fulvic acid at 3 mg L-1 which had the highest mean of flag leaf area (55.8 cm2) spike weight (3.48 g). The interaction between the two factors had significant effect on all characters except spike length. We can conclude that the spraying of fulvic acid improved wheat yield by providing the necessary factors for growth and development under biotic stress conditions.