Comparison of the 25(OH)D Levels Between Sarcopenia and Frailty in Elder Women: A Cross-Sectional Observation Analytic Study in Elderly Community in Surabaya

Abstract

Viranti Ayu Adyanita, Novira Widajanti, Sony Wibisono

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly, specifically in post-menopausal women, are very high. Deficiency of 25(OH)D has a direct impact on decreasing muscle strength and mass that can lead into sarcopenia and frailty. This study aimed to compare the difference levels of 25(OH)D between sarcopenia and frailty in elderly community. Methods: This was a cross-sectional design study. The blood sample were collected to evaluate the levels of 25(OH)D using The Chemiluminescent Immune Assay (CLIA) method. Results: Most of the subjects were at deficiency of 25(OH)D with mean of 16.1 (range level of 6.2-32.7). Subjects with deficiency level of 25(OH)D were 20 (71.4%) with sarcopenia and 23 (85.1%) with frailty. Subjects with an insufficiency level of 25(OH)D were 6 (21.4%) with sarcopenia and 23 (85.1%) with frailty. Subjects with sufficiency level of 25(OH)D were 2 (7.1%) with sarcopenia and 1 (3.7%) with frailty. The median 25(OH)D levels were 17.1 and 13.2 for sarcopenia and frailty, respectively. There was significant differences in levels of 25(OH)D in both groups (p = 0.014). Conclusions: The levels of 25(OH)D of subjects with sarcopenia was significantly higher than those with frailty.