C-Reactive Protein is Associated with the Severity of Periodontal Disease ? An Observational Study Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Abstract

Samer Majeed Mohammed, Aliaa Sameer Hasan, Hayder Abdul Amir Makki Al-Hindy, Mazin J. Mousa

Background — Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a continuous pathology characterized by inflammation as a leading etiopathogenesis, can cause morbidity globally. C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced by hepatic cells in response to inflammation; can be applied clinically as a wide-ranging inflammatory hallmark. Periodontal diseases (POD) are a prevalent, complex, insidious inflammation of the paradental supportive tissue. Recently, overwhelming evidence reinforced the bidirectional relation between POD and systemic disorders. Case in point, both POD and AMI intermingles within the equal inflammatory model. Our proposal was to perform a case-control study that could let us to evaluate the association between CRP and POD among AMI. Patients and Methods — This is a case-control study performed at cardiac catheterization center at Merjan teaching hospital, Babylon, Iraq. The studied sample of 136 patients with AMI aged between 29-89 years carefully chosen from the center attendance. All patients were examined orally for POD and examined for highly sensitive-CRP (HS-CRP), then compared with 76 healthy control. Grading of POD was executed based on ''a new classification outline for periodontial and preimplant diseases: Introduction and key changes from the 1999-classification''. While the severity of POD executed by using separate classical prob to estimate ''clinical-attachment-loss (CAL)'' separating the periodontium from the alveolar edge in millimeters.
Results — Periodontal status was significantly worse in AMI patients. As well, HS-CRP were elevated significantly in this group. No gender and mean BMI alterations among the two groups. Higher incidence of tobacco smoke, diabetes and hypertension were observed among AMI patients. Higher mean HS-CRP values, rates of hypertension and tobacco smoke among male participants were detected. The study revealed a high significant association between high levels of HS-CRP with diabetes. Thus far, just positive no significant association between high levels of HS-CRP with hypertension among studied patients. A positive direct association between POD (in terms of both severity and grading) and HS-CRP among AMI patients (P-0.00), were noticed. Conclusions — In patient with AMI, higher HS-CRP levels are definitely associated with severity of POD. Patients with AMI has a higher HS-CRP levels compared to healthy controls.