Diagnostic Values of Uric Acid and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines for Renal Failure in Arab Adults

Abstract

Mohd Alaraj

The detection of risk factors and the early diagnosis of renal failure are vital for the success of preventive therapeutic interventions. This study aimed to determine the potential association between uric acid (UA) levels and pro-inflammatory markers in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Moreover, their possible role in premature diagnosis of renal injury (RI) was also evaluated. 50 HD patients and 24 healthy volunteers were included. Uricase-PAP test was used to measure UA. Tumornecrosisfactor(TNF-α), interleukin6(IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by multiplex ELISA assay. The usefulness of UA and Pro-inflammatory markers for timely detection of renal damage was measured using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Patients had significantly higher plasma concentrations of UA, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP relative to volunteers. A positive correlation was found in HD patients between UA and TNF-α, and CRP, but there was no significant correlation between UA and the inflammatory markers in healthy controls. The area under the ROC curve for serum CRA was smaller than that for UA, demonstrating that UA may serve as a superior biomarker for early detection of renal injury in comparison to TNF-α. Nevertheless, serum CRP was foundto be greater than both TNF-α and IL-6, the latter of which had a non-significant area under the ROC curve. Taken together, serum UA, CRP, and TNF-α—but not IL-6—are potentially early indicators for the diagnosis of RI. Moreover, serum UA is significantlyelevated in HD patients and positively associated with inflammatory markers