Effect of Obesity on Left Ventricular Mass and Diastolic Function

Abstract

Baqer Abdulameer Hassan, Falah Abdulhasan Deli, Asaad Hasan Noaman, Salam Jasim Mohammed

Background: obesity, a common problem, is possibly associated with left ventricular (LV) structural and functional abnormalities such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic dysfunction, even in the absence of comorbidities as hypertension, diabetes.
Aim of the study: to assess LV structure and diastolic function in healthy obese participants (individuals with non-complicated obesity).
Methods: 90 individuals (female :60, male:30) were enrolled in this case-control study, using body mass index (BMI) participants were divided into two groups; lean (BMI cut off values of (18.5-25) kg/m2) and obese (≥ 30 kg/m2 ) each group include 30 female and 15 male. LVM was indexed to the height using the allometric signal of (1.7), LVH was defined using cut off values of 80 g/m1.7 (for male) and 60 g/m1.7 (for female). Diastolic dysfunction was defined according to the ASE/EACVI guidelines for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
Results: Obese participants have a significantly higher LVMI (P-value < 0.001), while RWT didn’t show a significant difference between the two groups (P-value: 0.14). Non-complicated obesity had a significant association with LVH which was of eecentric type (P-value< 0.001). Diastolic dysfunction wasn’t encountered in the study (neither in the healthy obese nor in the lean control), but obese participants had exhibit a statistically significant differences in parameters of LV relaxation ( P-value < 0.002 for Lateral e’ velocity and < 0.001 for E-velocity DT, IVRT,VP) and filling pressures (P- value: 0.014 for PASP, < 0.001 for LAVI) that indicate a subclinical lower diastolic function in obese individuals.
Conclusions: Non-complicated obesity has a significant association with Eccentric type of LVH with a subclinical deterioration in parameters of LV relaxation and filling pressures.