Evaluation of some Heavy Metals in Water Sulaimanih Governorate \ Kurdistan Region- Iraq

Abstract

Yousry Sadoon Rasheed, Mahmoud Mustafa Al-Mahdawi, Mohammed Rawf Hussain.

Due to the significant increase in the number of cars and oil tankers after extracting it from multiple places in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, in addition to the great civilizational and architectural development witnessed by the governorate in recent years, which increases the sources of pollution, this study was actually conducted in four districts in Sulaymaniyah Governorate to estimate the concentrations of heavy metals, iron. (Fe), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in water (Darbandikhan, Khormal, Rania and Bakura Jaw). Samples were collected monthly from April to September 2016. , And by three replicates for each site. Plant samples were prepared and digested with appropriate acids to detect the concentrations of these minerals and using a Flame Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The results of the study showed that all the water in the sites is basic. The pH values ranged from (7.13 - 8.4), while the water temperature ranged between (17.6 - 24.3) degrees Celsius. The results also showed spatial and temporal differences in all the characteristics of the studied water and heavy metals. Heavy metals did not exceed the Iraqi limits for the quality of drinking water (2001) and the World Health Organization (2011) except for the element nickel, which recorded values that exceeded the permissible limits for each of the sites of Bakr Joe and Rana. The results of the current study recorded values lower than the detection limit for both cadmium and chromium in all the waters of the study sites. The seven heavy metals under study were recorded at different concentrations, as iron recorded the highest values in all study sites, and they were arranged in descending order as follows: Fe → Zn → Ni → Cu → Pb � Cd → Cr.