Evaluation the Predictors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients

Abstract

Amer Alasadi, Haider Hafudh Humaish, Husam Al-hraishawi.

Background: NAFLD is the chronic form of liver fatty disease, which is vastly common over all worldwide. It is highly connected with T2DM that is defined by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hepatic malfunctions. Our study was design to determine the predictors for NAFLD’ incidence in T2DM patients.
Methods: We conducted study of 299 subjects that were classified into two groups, (110) Non-Diabetic subjects and (189) T2DM patients, then the T2DM patients divided into two groups: T2DM (99) and DM+pre-NAFLD (90) patients. We measured hyperglycemia tests, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides (Tg), Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), AST/ALT ratio, and γ-Glulamyltransferase for all groups. We determined the Triglyceride Glucose index, Interleukin-6, Alkaline Phosphate (ALKP), and C Reactive Protein (CRP) levels as biomarkers for IR and NAFLD respectively.
Results: Our data demonstrated that DM+pre-NAFLD patients exhibited a significant increased in TC, TG, and LDL-C, and dramatic decreased in HDL-C compared to DM patients and Non-DM subjects. -AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio and GGT levels showed a significant elevation in DM+pre-NAFLD and DM patients compared to the Non DM subjects. The data showed that TyG Index, IL-6, CRP and ALPK levels were increased in DM+pre-NAFLD patients only. The data showed a positive correlation between dyslipidemia, and liver function tests with IR and NAFLD biomarkers in DM+pre-NAFLD patients only.
Conclusions: In T2DM, dyslipidemia deters liver enzymes functions, promotes the IR and increases the fatty liver accumulation. Liver enzymes, TyG Index, IL-6, CRP and ALPK could be non-invasive biomarkers for NAFLD in T2DM patients.