Exploring the Role of Regadenoson As an Ointment Dosage Form in Inducing Wound Healing in Mice

Abstract

Ali Mazin Talib, Abdulkareem H. Abd, Mohammed Hussain Al-Mayahy

Background: Wound healing is a multi-phase and well-organized dynamic process to repair damaged tissue. Adenosine (A2A) receptor agonists were found to have a role in wound healing process by increasing collagen deposition and stimulating angiogenesis and re-epithelization.
Aim: To investigate the healing effect of regadenoson ointment in experimentally induced wounds in mice.
Methodology:
Preparation of regadenoson ointment: Regadenoson ointment (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) was prepared by dispersing regadenoson in castor oil followed by the addition of petrolatum base (Vaseline®) to obtain the final ointment preparation.
In vivo study: Sixty female albino mice were enrolled in this study where they divided into five groups (N=12/group).
Group I: normal control. Group II: induced control which has received a petrolatum base only. Group III were treated topically with β-sitosterol ointment (0.25% w/w) as a positive control. Group IV and V were treated topically with regadenoson ointment (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) respectively. These products were applied once daily for 10 consecutive days.
Results: Regadenoson ointment produced a highly significant reduction in wound size in comparison with petrolatum base (P≤0.001).
In histological study, re-epithelization and angiogenesis scores of all treatment groups showed a significant increase in comparison with petrolatum base group (P≤0.05) but in collagen scores, the significant increase just occurred with β-sitosterol and the highest concentration of regadenoson 0.5% w/w in comparison with petrolatum base group (P≤0.05).
In immunological study, regadenoson groups produced a significant increase in VEGF-A.
Conclusion: According to the present findings, we can conclude that regadenoson ointment is more efficient than petrolatum base and comparable in efficacy to β-sitosterol ointment in accelerating wound healing.