Impact of Interleukin-1 beta gene allelic polymorphisms in diabetic and non-diabetic hemodialysis Iraqi patients

Abstract

Rand Muhammed Abdul-Hussein Al-Husseini

Background: Diabetic renal disease is one of the main reasons and the most critical problems that cause kidney failure. Single base pair polymorphisms in the cytokine’s genes in different populations around the world suggested their potential role in pathogenicity of type II diabetes. One of these polymorphisms is -511C/ T in the promoter regions of IL-1β which had a strong effect on the plasma level of this cytokines because it controlled the level of transcription of IL-1β genes. In this study explored the possible role of IL-1β and its gene polymorphism in hemodialysis patients with and without diabetes.
Results: A total of 320 patients were included in this study: 200 diabetes patients (DP) and 120 non-diabetic patients (NDP). All of them were on regular hemodialysis. RFLP-PCR technique was performed for detection the base polymorphism (C/ T) in of IL-1β gene in both groups. The genotype distribution showed significant difference (p<0.05) between DP (CC: n= 104, 52%; CT: n=72, 36%; TT: n=24, 12%) and NDP (CC: n= 88, 73.33%; CT: n=28, 23.33%; TT: n=4, 3.33%). The concentration of IL-1β was estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for both DP and NDP. The study results conducted that the mean of level of IL-1β in DP (10.602±0.861 pg/ml) was higher than its mean in NDP (3.902± 0.281 pg/ml). The IL-1β serum levels in DP were higher in CT and TT genotypes of SNP than in NDP.
Conclusions: The IL-1β as marker of inflammation has a possible role in the pathogenicity of renal disease among diabetes patients, and single base pair polymorphisms of this cytokine gene among hemodialysis diabetic patients has a significant role progression of disease among an Iraqi population.