Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques
Abstract
Abdelhadi Alzyoud, Omar AlShorman, Mahmoud Masadeh, Fahad Alkahtani, Ra'ed Bani Abdelrahman
In recent years, stress becomes a global problem faced by human beings at all stages of their life. It represents a serious problem and affects their lifestyle. Academic life is a fertile environment for stress forming due to the different stressing factors faced by students during all stages and to the various cognitive functions applied to acquire the new knowledge. In this review, stress impacts and effects on learning and memory are highlighted. Learning and memory are vital in students’ achievement and improvement as they are part of the cognitive functions of the brain. Academic stress influences these two main skills, and it may impair the three stages of learning and memory: encoding, consolidation and retrieval. Thus, in this work, the proposed literature reviews the effects of academic stress on learning and memory cognitive functions based on six models including functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electrocardiogram (ECG), behavioral analysis and multiple models. Finally, the challenges are highlighted, and further studies are proposed.
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| Pubmed Style Alzyoud A, AlShorman O, Masadeh M, Alkahtani F, Abdelrahman RB. Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. SRP. 2021; 12(1): 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 Web Style Alzyoud A, AlShorman O, Masadeh M, Alkahtani F, Abdelrahman RB. Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=57752 [Access: March 30, 2021]. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 AMA (American Medical Association) Style Alzyoud A, AlShorman O, Masadeh M, Alkahtani F, Abdelrahman RB. Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. SRP. 2021; 12(1): 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 Vancouver/ICMJE Style Alzyoud A, AlShorman O, Masadeh M, Alkahtani F, Abdelrahman RB. Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. SRP. (2021), [cited March 30, 2021]; 12(1): 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 Harvard Style Alzyoud, A., AlShorman, . O., Masadeh, . M., Alkahtani, . F. & Abdelrahman, . R. B. (2021) Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. SRP, 12 (1), 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 Turabian Style Alzyoud, Abdelhadi, Omar AlShorman, Mahmoud Masadeh, Fahad Alkahtani, and Raed Bani Abdelrahman. 2021. Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (1), 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 Chicago Style Alzyoud, Abdelhadi, Omar AlShorman, Mahmoud Masadeh, Fahad Alkahtani, and Raed Bani Abdelrahman. "Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12 (2021), 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style Alzyoud, Abdelhadi, Omar AlShorman, Mahmoud Masadeh, Fahad Alkahtani, and Raed Bani Abdelrahman. "Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12.1 (2021), 1602-1610. Print. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 APA (American Psychological Association) Style Alzyoud, A., AlShorman, . O., Masadeh, . M., Alkahtani, . F. & Abdelrahman, . R. B. (2021) Learning and Memory under Stress: A Review Study with Evaluation Techniques. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (1), 1602-1610. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.227 |
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