Osteoporosis: A Review of the Factors Affecting Osteoporosis and its Management

Abstract

Parisa Delkash, Faraneh Farsad

Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disease in humans in which bone density and quality are reduced, leading to osteoporotic fractures. Most osteoporotic fractures occur in areas such as the spine, hip, and wrist. Factors involved in the development and exacerbation of osteoporosis include non-modifiable factors such as age, gender, race, and genetics, and modifiable factors such as body mass, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and diet. In this review article, we have evaluated osteoporosis, the related factors, and the management of this disease. During this study, after electronic search and review of titles and abstracts, articles with appropriate consistency and content were included in the study. The findings showed that although a decrease in bone density and strength with age is inevitable, by taking measures such as the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies, increasing physical activity, and adding nutrition containing vitamin D in the diet of people, the occurrence of this complication can be prevented.