Potential Effect of Jellyfish Aurelia aurita Collagen Scaffold Induced Alveolar Bone Regeneration in Periodontal Disease

Abstract

Ranny Rachmawati, Mohammad Hidayat, Nur Permatasari, Sri Widyarti

Periodontal disease is an inflammation disease that can cause alveolar bone resorption and make tooth mobility, eventually tooth loss. One of the important things in regeneration therapy of alveolar bone is the design and manufacture of a scaffold as osteoconductor. Collagen is an ideal choice to be used as scaffold because it has low immunity, good pores structure and permeability, biocompatible, and can be degraded. Aurelia aurita jellyfish is one of the potential marine animals for the development of collagen scaffold due to its high content of collagen. The aim of this research is to determine the potential of A. aurita jellyfish collagen scaffold as the new biomaterial in assisting the repair process of alveolar bone defect. Collagen was extracted from jellyfish by sonication, while scaffold was prepared by freeze-drying, and cross-linking with N-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-N’-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). This research was conducted on 10 male rats which is divided into two experimental groups. K+ is group that has alveolar bone defects and not given any treatment. KP is group that has alveolar bone defects and A. aurita jellyfish collagen scaffold is implanted. Then the calculation of osteoblast, osteoclast, STRO-1, and osteocalcin expression were conducted with immunohistochemistry. This resulted on significantly more osteoblast and less osteoclast cells on KP than on K+ group. The mean of STRO-1 and osteocalcin expressions was also significantly more on KP than on K+ group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the A. aurita jellyfish collagen scaffold is effective in helping regenerate alveolar bone.