Protection Effect of Gray Mangrove Extract to Oxidative Stress after Mixed Periodontopathogen Bacteria Infection-Animal Models

Abstract

Dian Mulawarmanti, Syamsulina Revianti.

Periodontitis is caused by periodontopathogenic bacterial infection. There is a relationship between Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The imbalance between ROS and antioxidant trigger an oxidative stress response which causes periodontal destruction. Leaves of gray mangrove have been reported to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticandidal activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of the gray mangrove leaf extract on the lipid peroxidation level and catalase activities in saliva periodontitis Wistar rats. The experiment was post-test only control group design. Thirty-five male Wistar rats divided randomly into five groups. 1st group (G1) was a negative control without treatment, 2nd group (G2) was a positive control that induced by mixed periodontopathogenic bacteria, and 3rd,4th,5th group (G3, G4, G5) induced by mixed periodontopathogenic bacteria and treated with gray mangrove leaf extract at dose 0.25 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, and 1 g/kg daily, respectively. After treatment, the rats were sacrificed. Salivary malondialdehyde level (mg/mL) was measured by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. Catalase activity (U/mL) was measured by optical density method. Data were analyzed one way ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test (p<0,05). The gray mangrove leaf extract demonstrated the capacity to significantly decrease the salivary malondialdehyde level (p≤0.05) and significantly increase salivary catalase activity (p≤0.05) in periodontitis rats. The gray mangrove leaf extract has a protective effect for oxidative stress which is characterized by a decreasing malondialdehyde level and an increasing catalase activity in salivary rats induced by mixed periodontopathogen bacteria.