Spatial analysis of the effect of soil on natural plant diversity and used in traditional medicine in the Najaf district center

Abstract

Iman Abdelhussein Alattabi, Hassan Abdullah Hassan, Safaa M. Almudhafar

Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including defence against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals. Soil is considered to be a habitat for living organisms, whether they are plants, animals or people. Some of them depend on their food and are considered a shelter for them, and since the subject of the study is limited to one type of organisms, which is natural plants that grow on the soil without human intervention and feed and grow on the soil. The plants varied according to the type the prevailing soil in the study area, including annual plants and permanent plants, as the natural plant in the study area is characterized by its poverty and lack of density and its types vary according to the factors and the quality of the soil and the natural plant is of great importance in protecting the soil from erosion. The natural plant works to reduce the percentage of evaporation of the ground water from the soil surface. It has a great impact on increasing the salts present on the surface of the soil and reducing them. Most of the natural plant is the study area of ​​desert plants that resist drought and salinity, and that some of these plants have long roots that help them absorb water from the depths of the soil. As well as their different leaves, of which they are pointed or axial in shape. The leaves are coated with a waxy layer to prevent moisture from escaping and retaining as much water as possible. Natural plants may add great importance to the soil, as it acts as a source of wind and also works in contact with the soil from erosion, especially the study area is within the dry desert areas, and also these plants are a source of animal food and some of them are used for medicinal purposes. Also, the density and diversity of the natural plant is due to the type of soil and the amount of water available in it. It has a great concentration in the low area of ​​the Baher AlNajaf and gradually decreases as heads towards the desert.