Study the Effects of some Neuroleptic Drugs on the Haloperidol-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia in Male Mice

Abstract

Huda R. Atiyah, Selman M. Selman, Alaa J. Mahrath

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a neurological iatrogenic disorder and is one of the neurodegenerative movement syndromes affecting mainly orofacial region which includes vacuous chewing movements (VCMs), tongue protrusion (TP), and facial jerking (FJ), resulting from chronic neuroleptic treatment of schizophrenia. The aims of this paper are to evaluate the effects of some a typical neuroleptic drug (risperidone, olanzapine, and aripiprazole) to reduce the TD in mice and study the effects of these drugs on dopamine levels in the brain, see scheme 1.
Adult, albino mice were enrolled in this experiment. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, each group has 10 mices . Each mouse of group1 received normal saline in equal volume to the haloperidol dose intraperitoneally (IP) for 21 days. Each mouse of group 2,3,4 and 5 received haloperidol 2 mg/kg IP for 21 days. mices of group 3,4 and 5 received risperidone 1 mg/kg, olanzapine 2.5 mg/kg, aripiprazole 3 mg/kg orally by gastric tube respectively for 3 days. On the 25th day, each mouse was placed in the glass box for 10 minutes, and VCM was recorded by video camera. Then each mouse of the whole groups was decapitated, and the brain were removed from the skull for measurement of dopamine (DA).
Dopamine level decreased significantly in group 2 as compared with group1 ( P<0.05 ), there were significant increase in the DA levels between group 3 and group 4 as compared with group 2 (P>0.05), but there were no significant differences between group 5 as compared with group 2 (P>0.05). VCM increased significantly in group 2 as compared with group1 (P<0.05). VCM decreased significantly in group 3 and 4 as compared with group 2 (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences between group 5 as compared with group 2 (p>0.05).