The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients
Abstract
Yusup Subagio Sutanto, Reviono Reviono, Jatu Aphridasari, Anita Ramlie, Hendra Kurniawan.
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality, despite all advanced diagnostic tools and management. Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is one of the herbs commonly used in Asia. Ginsenoside is a biologically active saponin compound found in Panax ginseng and plays a role as an immunomodulator, antibacterial, and anti-inflammation. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as a bacteremia predictor. Procalcitonin (PCT) level can help to monitor antimicrobial therapy response.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of ginseng extract on procalcitonin level, NLR, and the length of clinical improvement in patients with CAP
Methods: Of 32 hospitalized CAP patients with a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was conducted in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from April to June 2020. Sampling was done by the consecutive sampling technique with ginseng extract with a dose of 2 x 100 mg as the variable. The dependent variables were PCT level, NLR, and the length of clinical improvement.
Results: Procalcitonin level and NLR decreased significantly in the treatment group getting p values of <0.001, while in the control group, the p values were 0.14 and 0.27, respectively. There was a significant difference in the length of clinical improvement between control (7.06±0.93) and treatment (5.69±0.95) groups (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Administering ginseng extract as an adjunct therapy for inpatients with CAP can lower procalcitonin level and NLR and accelerate clinical improvement.
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| Pubmed Style Sutanto YS, Reviono R, Aphridasari J, Ramlie A, Kurniawan H. The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. SRP. 2021; 12(1): 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 Web Style Sutanto YS, Reviono R, Aphridasari J, Ramlie A, Kurniawan H. The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=42110 [Access: March 29, 2021]. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 AMA (American Medical Association) Style Sutanto YS, Reviono R, Aphridasari J, Ramlie A, Kurniawan H. The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. SRP. 2021; 12(1): 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 Vancouver/ICMJE Style Sutanto YS, Reviono R, Aphridasari J, Ramlie A, Kurniawan H. The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. SRP. (2021), [cited March 29, 2021]; 12(1): 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 Harvard Style Sutanto, Y. S., Reviono, . R., Aphridasari, . J., Ramlie, . A. & Kurniawan, . H. (2021) The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. SRP, 12 (1), 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 Turabian Style Sutanto, Yusup Subagio, Reviono Reviono, Jatu Aphridasari, Anita Ramlie, and Hendra Kurniawan. 2021. The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (1), 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 Chicago Style Sutanto, Yusup Subagio, Reviono Reviono, Jatu Aphridasari, Anita Ramlie, and Hendra Kurniawan. "The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12 (2021), 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style Sutanto, Yusup Subagio, Reviono Reviono, Jatu Aphridasari, Anita Ramlie, and Hendra Kurniawan. "The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12.1 (2021), 686-691. Print. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 APA (American Psychological Association) Style Sutanto, Y. S., Reviono, . R., Aphridasari, . J., Ramlie, . A. & Kurniawan, . H. (2021) The Effect of Ginsenoside 4% on Inflammation, Bacteremia and Clinical Improvement in Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (1), 686-691. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.99 |
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