The Effect of White Shrimp Head Chitosan Gel (Litopenaeus vannamei) on Inhibitory Strength of Periodontopathogenic Bacteria and Accelerating Wound Healing (In Vitro, Histological, and Clinical Tests)

Abstract

Asdar Gani, Nurlindah Hamrun, A. Mardiana Adam, Ermina Pakki, Harun Achmad, M Husni Cangara, Husnul Khatimah Maulidina, Rezqy Maelani, Dewiayu Dewang.

Background: Chitosan has biocompatibility, non-toxic, biodegrade ability, and polyelectrolyte properties. It has been shown to be antimicrobial and accelerate wound healing. Chitosan gel from the waste of white shrimp head can be a new innovation which is effective to inhibit periodonto-pathogenic bacteria and to accelerate wound healing. Aim: To determine the potential of chitosan gel from white shrimp head (Litopenaeus vannamei) waste to inhibit periodonto-pathogenic bacteria and to accelerate wound healing in white mice (Mus musculus).
Method: The research was experimental laboratory research. The design of this study was post-test only with control group design. Research on bacterial inhibition was done by 6-team, 5 times repetitions, and 5 treatments;1%, 2%, 3% chitosan gel positive control (Metronidazole disk) and negative control. The subjects of this wound healing research were 24 white mice (Mus musculus) with incisions on the back. They was divided into treatment groups and control groups with glycerol. Clinical and histological observations were carried out on days 1, 3, and 7.
Result: The Mann Whitney test results showed a significant difference in inhibition of 1%, 2%, 3% chitosan gel against the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria (p <0.05). The results of the Shapiro-Wilk test showed significant differences in wound healing and the number of PMN cells between the treatment group and the control group (p <0.05). Meanwhile, the number of fibroblast cells did not show a significant difference between the two groups (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: Chitosan gel from the white shrimp head (Litopenaeus vannamei) waste can inhibit the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria and accelerate the healing of back wounds of the white mice (Mus musculus) with a decrease in the number of PMN cells and the increase of fibroblast t cells.