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The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review

Abstract

Yahdiana Harahap, Anastasia Sharon Jautan, Sunarsih.

Cigarette smoke is the major source of acrylamide exposure after food. Acrylamide is classified as a probable carcinogenic to humans. Acrylamide is metabolized by CYP2E1 into glycidamide that is very reactive to DNA and can form DNA adducts causing carcinogenic effects in humans. Acrylamide levels in cigarette smoke is around 1.000–7.991 µg/cigarette. Acrylamide exposure in smokers is 2.2–4.6 times higher than non-smokers and glycidamide exposure 1.1–3.8 times higher than non-smokers. Acrylamide and glycidamide are found in blood, body tissues, placenta, and breast milk. The levels of acrylamide and glycidamide in Dried Blood Spot (DBS) sample are still unknown. Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can be used to quantify small amounts of analytes. Volumetric application or microfluidic DBS used to overcome hematocrit effect.

How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Harahap Y, Jautan AS, Sunarsih . The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. SRP. 2021; 12(1): 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105

Web Style

Harahap Y, Jautan AS, Sunarsih . The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=43248 [Access: March 29, 2021]. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Harahap Y, Jautan AS, Sunarsih . The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. SRP. 2021; 12(1): 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Harahap Y, Jautan AS, Sunarsih . The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. SRP. (2021), [cited March 29, 2021]; 12(1): 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105


Harvard Style

Harahap, Y., Jautan, . A. S. & Sunarsih, . (2021) The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. SRP, 12 (1), 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105


Turabian Style

Harahap, Yahdiana, Anastasia Sharon Jautan, and Sunarsih. 2021. The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (1), 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105


Chicago Style

Harahap, Yahdiana, Anastasia Sharon Jautan, and Sunarsih. "The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12 (2021), 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Harahap, Yahdiana, Anastasia Sharon Jautan, and Sunarsih. "The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12.1 (2021), 726-732. Print. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Harahap, Y., Jautan, . A. S. & Sunarsih, . (2021) The Levels of Acrylamide and Glycidamide as Biomarker in Smokers: An Article Review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12 (1), 726-732. doi:10.31838/srp.2021.1.105

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