X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Analysis in Masonry Heritage Building Conservation in Malaysia

Abstract

Tan Chin Ling and A Ghafar Ahmad.

There are many historical masonry heritage buildings in Malaysia which built during the British colonial period. Most of the masonry heritage buildings were dilapidated due to high dampness, salt contamination and other factors. The damaged original lime plaster or mortar require replacement to safeguard the masonry heritage building. According to the Guidelines on Heritage Building Conservation Malaysia (2017), the authenticity of the heritage building including the building materials should be conserved (p.70). Masonry is referred to the art and building of structures built from individual units such as brick, stone, concrete block, glass block and other unit masonry (Masonry, n.d.). However, the quality and durability of the masonry structure is depending on the materials used, the composition and quality of the mortar, the workmanship, and the construction or assembly pattern of the masonry structure. Hence, it is crucial to analyse the composition of the materials used in masonry heritage building conservation. This paper discusses the literature reviews and research on x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis conducted in masonry heritage building conservation projects in Malaysia. The data was collected from several literature reviews and documentation such as final conservation report and scientific test report of x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis conducted in masonry heritage building conservation projects in Malaysia. The data was compiled and analysed to reveal the process of conducting x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis and interpret the analysis result for practical use in masonry heritage building conservation in Malaysia. This research findings outline the basic procedure in interpreting the result of x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis for heritage conservation project. Furthermore, the basic procedure shall act as a reference and technical guidance for future heritage building conservation projects.