Abstract

Beyene Dereje57221* and Aschalew Nardos57223

Background: Dopamine 2 receptor agonists, Bromocriptine and Cabergoline, were originally introduced for prolactinomas and pituitary tumors but have glucose-lowering effects. This paper studied the significance of their effects on lowering blood glucose level and conducted a comprehensive analysis to identify relevant clinical trials of dopamine 2 agonists on Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS).

Methods: We conducted a study using different databases; PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, HINARI, Registers, and Citations until December 31, 2022 using the PRISMA 2020 statement, looking for studies relevant to clinical studies on FBS and HbA1c. Jadad score were used to assess the study quality. The study included studies with full abstracts, predefined garlic doses, clear interventions, and blood glucose measurements.

Results: Data were synthesized from 23 clinical studies that recruited 6125 study subjects. The pooled effect analysis of the trials revealed that dopamine 2 agonists improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (SMD=-1.26; 95% CI (-1.60,-0.93), p<0.00001), and FBS (SMD=-1.84; 95% Confidence Limit (CI) (-2.61,-1.07), p<0.00001). Each drug’s pooled effect analysis indicates bromocriptine significantly improved HbA1c (SMD=-1.25; 95% CI (-1.64,-0.87), p<0.00001) and FBS (SMD=-1.90; 95% CI (-2.79,-1.01), p<0.00001) and similarly, cabergoline significantly improved HbA1c (SMD =-1.29; 95% CI (-1.96, -0.62), p<0.00001) and FBS (SMD=-1.62; 95% CI (-2.82,-0.41), p<0.00001). The data presented above demonstrated that dopamine 2 agonists have a significant ability to lower blood sugar levels in clinical studies

Conclusion: The study shows that dopamine 2 agonists have significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood sugar levels without major side effects. Although there are encouraging results, more data is required to determine the best anti-hyperglycemic dose and frequency of daily use, as well as side effects and possible product interactions when using dopamine 2 receptor agonists for their anti-hyperglycemic benefits.