Abstract

Neeru Chaudhary57763*, Rakhi Ahuja57764, Amena Sherwani57765 and Surbhi Chauhan57766

Presently, evidence-based research studies on the efficacy and safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are limited. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) to learn about the efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and the side effects associated with them. We used five databases to conduct an electronic search of material published between 2020 and June 2021. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) declaration was used to create and report on a procedure for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The systematic review comprised eleven RCTs, and nine RCTs were included for meta-analysis. To assess bias risk, the Cochrane collaboration tool was employed. In a total of 70604 cases, the overall effectiveness of the mRNA vaccines was determined to be 94.6% (95% CI 0.04-0.08). The administration of mRNA-based vaccine was associated with a greater number of side effects, such as, injection site pain, fever, swelling, fatigue, headache, chills, by yielding a summary OR of 4.35 (95% CI 2.05-9.24), 8.50 (95% CI 3.03-23.86), 3.66 (95% CI 1.12-12.01), 1.15 (95% CI 0.049-2.72), 1.49 (95% CI 0.90-2.46), 5.72 (95% CI 5.24-6.24) respectively. In all investigations, the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines caused mild to moderate local and systemic adverse effects following the first and second doses of immunization. mRNA vaccines were shown to have an overall effectiveness of 94.6%. The findings demonstrate the overall safety and effectiveness of all currently available mRNA-based COVID 19 vaccines, giving unambiguous data-driven evidence to support the continuing worldwide public health endeavor to immunize the whole population.